XR-Enhanced Maritime English Training for Digital Navigation

Abstract

This study examines the integration of Extended Reality (XR) – including virtual, augmented, and mixed reality – together with AI-enhanced feedback tools into Maritime English training to address the communicative challenges of digital navigation. As bridge operations increasingly rely on automated systems, multimodal interfaces, and hybrid human–machine collaboration, officers must demonstrate precise linguistic performance, situational awareness, and stress-resilient communication. The study proposes an XR-enhanced, competence-oriented instructional model designed to strengthen cadets’ procedural fluency, clarity of information exchange, and readiness for safety-critical communication. The methodology combined immersive scenario-based learning with real-time speech-recognition feedback and adaptive AI-generated micro-tasks aligned with IMO SMCP requirements. Empirical observations and system-generated performance indicators show that XR environments improve terminological accuracy, interactional fluency, and responsiveness during emergency scenarios and team-coordination tasks. Learners additionally reported increased confidence and reduced hesitation when communicating under operational pressure. The findings demonstrate that XR-enhanced Maritime English instruction offers a scalable and pedagogically effective approach that supports digital transformation in maritime education, reinforces safety-oriented communication practices, and prepares cadets for the linguistic and multimodal demands of next-generation navigation systems.